Ocean Thermal Energy

Thermal energy is renewable and is generated withouttemperature reservoir. The heat flows from one
an impact on the environment. In layman's terms,reservoir to the other, and is then converted into
thermal energy can be transferred to other objects,energy. This technology is extremely popular and is
heating them, causing the molecules to move faster.used in common engines. The reverse concept is used
Ocean thermal energy is a popular form of solarin refrigerators.
energy. The United States took a strong interest inOcean thermal energy has benefits other than power.
ocean thermal energy plants in 1974 and has sinceAir conditioning can be produced nearby thermal
expanded their use.energy plants. The cold seawater used for the plants
Ocean thermal energy generates electricity by usingcan be used in water coils. This thermal energy can
the temperature difference between deep and shallowprovide enough air conditioning for a large building,
waters. Typically, this energy is used to run a heatsaving $200,000-$400,000 annually in energy bills.
engine. The greatest amount of energy is generatedThis technology also produces chilled water for
by the largest differences between temperatures. Foragriculture. Chilled-soil agriculture requires cold sea
this reason, ocean thermal energy is most easilywater to flow through underground pipes, thus chilling
generated near the equator and in the tropics.the surrounding soil. This temperature difference
Oceans cover over 70% of the Earth, which the sunbetween the soil and the plant leaves allows the plants
has time to heat on a daily basis. If madeto feel as if they are grown in the subtropics.
cost-effective, ocean thermal energy could solve theDesalinated water can also be produced with the use
world's energy needs. Currently, the efficiency ofof ocean thermal energy. This can be produced in
ocean thermal energy is a mere one to three percent.open- or hybrid- cycle plants using surface condensers.
Ocean thermal energy technology uses a heat engine,This is done by condensing steam by indirect contact
which is technology that is used through the majoritywith cold sea water. This creates relatively low levels
of energy generation today. The heat engine is placedof impurities in seawater and allows for drinking.
between a high temperature reservoir and a low